Login
nom d'accès
mot de passe
fermer
se connecter

Superdial. E-bi mutaciaqo

10-to padmad video

i Bibi- Vi ćaćes, si len an-o rat pakǎv... Meren te oven hurade, laćharde, rrangle, hulade ʒi k-o paluno bal...
i Tamàra- Ami tu, naj san vi tu jekh rat lença? ¿Phires tu an-o foro bihuradi sar kuklin, bilaćhardi, bihuladi thaj vi bimakhli? Sar śaj akuśes len? A palem ćaćes: o akuślo akuśel tut adǐves...
i Bibi- Ni akuśav len, me ʒuvliʒej sem... Aver si i ʒuvliʒej, aver si o murś... Sar te ovel, kerav sar kamav, naj te pućhav tumen. Thaj naj te beśas akate sorro dǐves. Phendem tumenqe so o śudrarno si ćhućho, si te pheras les kaj te ovel pherdo...
i Tamàra- Kaj manges te ʒas maj anglal adǐves: k-o xaben ja te ʒas te kinas tiraxa e ćhavrrenqe? Te kamlǎn, ʒas k-o Le-ta-pokin: si vi xaben thaj vi tiraxa thaj gada.
i Bibi- Na, xaben kinav k-o pazàri, phendem tuqe, thaj k-o Le-ta-pokin naj laćho mangin, si sa katar-i Kìna: adǐves kindo, tehàra ja over pharrado... Naj sem gaći barvali, kaj te kinav bikuć.
i Tamàra- Thaj vi tu aćhilǎn palal! Sa si adǐves kerdo te na ʒivel but thaj te kines palem thaj palem... Kin kaj te manges, naśti pinʒares so si laćho, so si devruś.
i Bibi- Palem, si man pinʒardo gaʒo, o tiraxno pal-i khangeri, si but berś so bikinel manqe laćhe tiraxa, śuźe, zurale, bixoxade, sar kamav me.
i Tamàra- Mi kamli bibi, ʒives anda jekh aver sundal. Akana sa ʒal tar, hural, pft naśel sar i balval... thaj vi maj sig...

Today's topic 1 >>

verb > PPP
E-class verbs generate a specific form, called verbal pivot, with very extensive fonctions in Rromani.

Click here to highlight the verbal pivots in today's text >>

The main function of this form is the equivalent of English participle:
kinel to buy > kindo bought
dikhel to see > dikhlo seen.
Note that there is no infinitive (the English to-form) in Rromani and that the "quoting (or dictionary) form" of the verb is the 3rd person singular of its present tense.
The verbal pivot is coined in the following way:

state of the verb

d after verb stems
ending in -r, -n, -v, -l

ending of the buxlo type adjective

l after verb stems
ending in -s, , -m, , -ćh, -k, -kh

Only two verbs have an irregular pivot in -t: sovel to sleep > suto asleep and ćhivel to put, to place > ćhito, alternative to regular ćhivdo put, placed.
Switch to the exercice on ZU and form as many verbal pivots as you can! >>
Note that the verbal pivot may be used as a noun: o kuślo the one who is/has been blamed, i kamli the beloved (female), duj ćalavde two persons who are struck (and therefore stupid).

Today's topic 2 >>

The negative prefix bi-
a) it can be used with a handfull of adjectives to express their contrary:
laćho good > bilaćho bad
kuć expensive (sometimes dear; late, deceased among Sinte) > bikuć cheap
xor deep > bixor shallow
uźo pure (of water, flour) > biuźo impure (also an euphemism for Beng the Devil).
b) it is very often used with verbal pivots to express their contrary:
morravel to shave > morravdo shaved > bimorravdo unshaved
xanel to comb > xando combed > bixando not combed (rather than uncombed)
urǎvel to dress > urǎvdo dressed > biurǎvdo not dressed (rather than undressed)
kamel to want, to love > kamlo beloved > bikamlo unwanted, disliked.

Idioms and proverbs >>

The proverb o akuślo akuśel tut avdives means that persons doing wrong are [today] the first ones to blame others.
Si len and-o rat & andar jekh rat lençar : the word rat blood is used colloquially and metaphorically for (extended) family, tribe, nation, atavism or race in its trivial meaning, whereas the word ràsa is used in a political context for the last meaning.