(I Tamàra avel k-i bibi khere, k-i Dùda, so beśel an-o foro)
i Bibi- ¿ Avilǎn Maro ? So kerdan ? ¿ Arakhlǎn o than kaj kerel butǐ tǐ amalin ?
i Tamàra- Arakhlěm o than, la ni arakhlěm, navlìsa k-i butǐ adǐves. Kamlǒl pes te ʒav palem o aver kurko, luine. Sàsa jekh Rrom phuro odothe, o vudarno.
i Bibi- E laćhes. Thaj tu so keres akana ? Te kamlǎn, av mança te kinas o xaben.
i Tamàra- Kaj kinen o xaben tumen ?
i Bibi- O manrro k-o bov, si jekh gaʒo – kerel but laćho manrro a o mas thaj o aver xaben aćaral kinas k-i piàca, naj but kuć thaj but Rroma gavutne bikinen odothe. Anen laćhe prodùkte.
i Tamàra- Thaj amen so las ?
i Bibi- Dikh, o śudrarno si ćhućho, naj khànći andre, sàmo jekh khajni pahome thaj śtar-panʒ anrre… Si te kinas sa thaj te vàzdas sa…
i Tamàra- Avav vi me – śaj te vàzdas duj ʒene, na ?
i Bibi- Te aven vi e ćhavrre. Ni ʒanav kaj phiren akala duj bengǎle!
i Tamàra- Si upre, khelen upre, k-o playstation…
i Bibi- Akhar len te aven thaj te vàzden vi von… Vasta punrre si len…
i Tamàra- Iklǎv upre te anav len, ni aśunen kana khelen, ćhuven e kanafòja (/kanafònora) k-o kan thaj abistren amaro sundal…
Today's topic 1 >>
More >>
You know now all present endings of E-class verb (this set of endings will be be further symbolized as Ēl):
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singular
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plural
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1-to
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-av
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-as
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2-to
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-es
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-en
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3-to
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-el
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-en
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ZU Click to exercise >>
The si te form: if you put si te in front of a verb in the present tense, you get a implicit future expressing a need, a requirement, a logical conclusion: Si te kinas sa aj te vàzdas sa we have to buy everything and to carry everything. It can be used also with the meaning of a regular future. The negative is naj te (naj te aven they will not come). A comparable construction, śaj te (or simply śaj) expresses the ability, capacity, opportunity, freedom to... Śaj te ʒav I can/may go. The negative is naśti: naśti te vàzdas akavawe cannot/may not lift this. In E-bi dialect, a personal form also exists, with Ēl endings: naśtisarav, naśtisares, naśtisarel etc...
Today's topic 2 >>
Questions
In Rromani some questions contain a question word (underlined in the examples): So keres? What are you doing? or Kaj kinen o xaben tumen? Where do you buy food?
Other questions do not and the role of intonation is then pivotal to distinguish them from affirmations. In written, if the question is short, the reader warned by the question mark at once, but if the question is long, one may be mislead and realize too late it was a question. This is why the Spanish practice of putting an upside-down question mark at the beginning of the question has been introduced into Rromani.
Compare:
- But manuśa keren buti akate. Many people are employed here.
- ¿ But manuśa keren buti akate ? Are many people employed here?
This rule is very convenient in texts expressing ideas more elaborated than everyday small talk. To write it with your key-board, just press AltGr+Shift and the ?/ key.
Today's topic 3 >>
Calling females
When calling females whose names ends in -a, most Rromani vernaculars turn this -a into -o: Mara > Maro! Silvàna > Silvano! This ending may be used also for the handful of feminine common names in -o denoting human beings or animals likely to be called (except in poetry): Blakìca black woman > Blakico, kanzùra hedgehog > kanzuro! (to a poorly combed person), furtùna storm, tempest > furtuno! (poetic).
